Permanent-hair-waving device



Sept. 1.6, 1924. 1.s'Qs,67s

G. G. CAMPANA PERMANENT HAIR WAVING' DEVICE Original. med eb 12, 1921 Patented Sept. 16, lQZd.

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GEURGE G. CAMPANA, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR T ERNEST O. FREDERICS.

PERMANENT-HAIR-WAVING Application filed February 12, 1921, Serial No. 444,338. Renewed August 1, 1922. Serial No. 579,083.

1 0 all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, GEORGE G. CAMPANA, a subject of' the King of Italy, residing at ;New Yorln'inlthe county and State of New 5 York, have invented certain new and useful.

Improvements in a Pennanent-Hair-lVaving Device, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to devices for treat- .Oing hair, and more particularly to a device for effecting what is known as a permanent wave upon hair upon the human head.

- One of the objects of the invention is to provide a device wherein the permanent waving process may be carried on with a greater degree of safety, and with a less likelihood of injuring the hair than it has been possible to carry on the process in the use of devices as hitherto constructed.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device wherein all the hair being subjected to the permanent waving operation will be evenly treated, whereby the waves produced will be uniform.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device wherein the hair being treated may be conveniently observed during the permanent waving operation, whereby the existence of any condition which mi ht lead to injury of the hair inay be readily observed by the operator.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device combining a protective sheath for the hair together with a shield by means of which the scalp will be protected during the waving operation, the shield and the sheath having co-operating parts whereby they may be locked in position about a tress of hair.

Other objects and aims of the invention, more or less specific than those referred to above, will be in part obvious and in pointed out in the course of the following description of the elements, combinations, arrangements of parts and applications of principles, constituting the invention; and the scope of protection contemplated will be indicated in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawing, wherein I have illustrated a preferred form of embodis ment of my invention,

part" ous hair-treating substances are IIICOIPO- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view taken through my improved device, showing the 1 same positioned about a lock or tress of hair which is ready to be subjected to the permanent waving operation.

Fi ure 2 is a plan view of one improved device; and

Figure 3 is an elevational. view of aportion of another part thereof.

Referring now to the drawing, wherein similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views thereof, the reference numeral 1 illustrates a cylindrically formed tube, which is preferably fornied of a heat refractory material, such, for instance, as glass, although, if desired,- a refractory material such as mica may be employed. While it is desirable that the material employed'for this purpose be trans parent so that/the interior thereof may be kept under the observation of the operator, the essential feature is that'the material be refractory, and many other kinds of heat resistant material will be suitable for this purpose. r I

At its lower end, the tube 1 is provided with means by which'a shield may be dispart of my posed thereon, the means here shown being oppositely located bayonet slots, 'one of whichis clearly illustrated in Figure}. The

shield, to which reference has been made, is

course, that in the waving process, the locks j of hair are twisted about a curler and, while maintained in this positioinsubjectcd to a heating process; The hair, while curled, is either moistened or else there is wrapped about it a moistened bandage in which varirated I During the. heating process, the heated vapors are likely to' be given off and it. is

necessary to protect the scalp ofthe person being treated from such vapors. The shield v which serves this purpose-is here seen to be composed of three parts or' wings, 4, 5 and. (5, respectively, each of these or engagement so being formed preferably of a heat resistant material. For this purpose I have'found shee'tlibre tobe most useful, although other materials such as asbestos or other material of that character could equally well be utilized. The parts or wings l and 6 are preferably kidney-shaped, as shown, and are pivoted together by a common means such, for instance, as the eyelet- 7. This construction permits the relative movement of each of the wings. Each of the parts or wings, 4, 5 and 6, is further provided on its inner edge with a slot or recess, these slots or recesses being, in turn, designated as 8, 9 and 10. Two of the wings l and 5 are, in turn, provided with upstanding semi-circular flanges 11 and 12, these flanges being disposed in opposed relation so that when the parts 4 and 5 are moved together, the opposed edges of the flanges will come into engagement so as to provide a continuous circular flange rising vertically from the plane of the 'surfaces of the wings at and 5. The, flanges 11 and"12 I so that their contacting edges will come into as to form a substantially circular openii gibetween the recesses 8, and 9, and this opening is adapted to accommodate the lock or tress of hair which is sub: jected to the permanent waving operation."

The flanges 11 and 12 are each provided with an inwardly extending post or pro-,

jection, 13 and 14, these members being so disposed that when the flanges are in engagement to form a continuous circular flange, the posts will be so disposed as to bein position to-enter the bayonet slots 2 provided at the lower end of the tube 1. The engagement of the slots with the projections or posts operates to hold the shield firmly in position on the end of the tube and, further, serves the purpose of locking the wings or members 4: and 5 in the closed position; that 'is to say, with those parts of the shield in hair-engaging position.

Various other forms'of connect-ion could be equally well used in this relation, the essential feature being that the shield is provided with upstanding members, by means of which a sliding connection is made with the tube whereby the tube and the shield will be locked in relation relative to each other with the tube disposed in a position normal to the plane of the shield,

the members of the shield further being locked in engagement with the hair.

" It-will be noted that the opening '15, being provided by the closing together with the recesses-8 and 9 of the p'arts i and 5 of the ,f shield,will always be of uniform size inasmuch as the size thereof is limited or determined the engagement of the flanges 11 and 12. "It is desirable, however, that a substantially complete closure be effected between the end of the tube 1 of the scalp,

are further disposed and this is effected by 'means of thepart or wing 6 of the shield, which can be swung around to closely engage the hair, as shown in Figure 1, between the edge of the recess 10 and the edge of the recess 8.

The upper endof the tube 1 is fitted with used to carry out this process. It comprises a small metal rod usually forked at its lower end, to which the lock or tress of hair near the scalp of the subject is tied as by means of a string or cord 19',a lock or tress being thereafter tightly wound or twisted about the curler and tied. at its upper end as by meansof the cord or string 20. The upper end of the curler is preferably left free so that the same may be projected through the aperture 17 of the cap 16. This aperture receiving the upper end of the curler, it will be noted, operates through the centre, the lock or trees of hair wound about the curler so that all parts thereof are equidistant from the wall of the tube 1.

When all the parts together .with the hair have been'asscmbled in the position shown in Figure 1 of the drawings, an electric heater having a circular bore is positioned upon the device so that the device. may be subjected to the action of heat.

In carrying out the operation of permanent waving the hair upon the curler before it is inserted in the tube 1, is preferably saturated or impregnated with a permanent waving substance, the material that is usually employed being a paste formed of borax, which paste is smeared over the surface oithe hair upon the curler, so that all the hair-is saturated with borax or borax in solution. It will be understood,of course,

In the use ofmy device it will his seen I that from time totime the operator can slip off the electric heater, or move the same along the tube, whereby the hair upon the curler is always ready to be, observed by the operator, thereby eliminating any danger of burning or scorching thehairu Moreover, in devices. as hitherto constructed, the

curler upon which the hair is curled or wound has been allowed to assume its own position within the tube, that is to say, it was not centred with respect to the tube, so

en ers that all the hair on the curler was not subjected to the same amount of heat. In my improved device, however, the hair upon the curler is centred in the tube, whereby each part of the curler is equi-distant from the heating surface of the electric heater positioned exteriorly of the tube. Moreover, the lower part of the tube is effectively closed by means of the shield construction, which shield not only forms a support for the tube, but which is adapted to be closed in such away I that there is no danger of steam escaping through the lower end of the tube, whereby the scalp of the person being treated may be scalded or burned during the permanent waving operation.

The fit between the upper end of the curler 18 and the aperture 17 of the cap 16, is, of course, such that the steam produced by the vaporization of the solution with which the hair is pregnated may readily escape through the a erture.

It will be seen that have provided a pro tective device well adapted to attain the purposes and objects previously set forth, the

. main feature of which is to provide a protective shield which may be readily locked in hair-engaging position by a sliding connection with the tube, this connection scrving the double purpose of locking the shield in operative position, both with relation to the hair and with relation to the tube in which the curler is disposed. provides a tight fit about the lower end of the hair, thereby preventing the escape of steam, and protecting the'scalp, while the means by which the shield is mounted on the tube insures that it will not be displaced during the waving process.

Obviously, other means could be used for the purpose of locking the shield in opera:

tivc )osition about the lock of hair but the method hero illustrated is preferable inasmuch as it serves the double purpose above pointed out.

As many changes could be made in this 1 construction without rle 'iarting from the scope of the following claims, it-is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawing shall be interpreted as illustrative only and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invuntionwvhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Lottons Patent is:

1. In a device of the class described, in combinatiol'na tubular member, a shield havin r aplurality oi. parts adapted to be moved into engagement with a loclr or tress of hair, said tubular member and said shield having mutually engaging interlocking parts.

2. In a device of the class described, a transparent tube adapted to be positioned about a tress of hair wound upon a curler, and means adapted to engage said tress The shield whereby to close the lower end of said tube,

said means being interlocked with the lower end of said tube.

3. In a device of the class described, in combination, atransparcnt tube adapted to be positioned about a truss of hair wound about a curler, means adapted to engage said tress whereby to close the lower end of said tube, means to interlock said first-named means with the end of said tube and a cap fitted upon the opposite end of said tube.

4. In a device of the class. described, in combination, a transparent tube, the lower end of which is slotted, a shield having a plurality of parts adapted to be moved into such position as to close the lower end of said tube about said tress of hair, said shield I having means adaptcdto enter the slots of said tube, whereby the parts are locked to' 'with upstanding flanges and locking means interposed between said flanges and the lower end of said tube.

6. In a device of the class described, the combination of a transparent tube, adapted to receive a tress of hair wound upon a.

curler, a shield provided with a pair of pivotally mounted recessed parts, said parts being adapted to be swung toward each other so that the recesses thereof will form an'opening to enclose said tress of hair near the base thereof, said parts being provided with upstanding flanges and locking means intcrposml between said flanges and the lower end of'said tube, and an apertured cap fitted upon the opposite end of said tube.

7. In a device of the class described, a cylindrical tube adapted to receive a lock or tress of hair wound upon a curler, a shield comprising a plurality of wings or parts pivotally connected together, all of said parts being provided with recessed edges, and two of said parts being provided with upstanding semi-circular flanges which,

when said parts are swung toward each 8. Ina device of the class described, a cylindrical tube adapted to receive a lock or tress of hair wound upon a curler,

pivotally connected together, all of said parts being provided with recessed edges, and two of said parts being provided with upstanding semi-circular flanges which, when said parts are swung toward each other, form an upstanding circular flange adapted to receive said tube, means upon said semi circular flanges for engaging the lower end of-said tube, whereby the parts three parts or wings pivoted together at a common point, two of said wings having recesses in their inner edges co-operating when swung to operative position to define an aperture located centrally of said shield,

V and said third wing being adapted to be swung so as partially to close said aperture to provide an aperture located centrally of said shield.

10. In a device of the class described, a shield adapted to embrace a lock or tress of hair near the scalp, a cylindrical member adapted to receive a curler with a lock of hair Wound thereon, and means mounted on the rim of said cylindrical member adjacent said shield for locking said cylindrical member to said shield.

11.111 a device of the class described, a shicld adapted to embrace a'lo'clr or tress of hair near the scalp, a cylindrical member adapted to receive a curler with alock of hair wound thereon, and means mounted on the rim of saigl cylindrical member adacent said shield for locking said cylindrical member to said shield, and a cap fitted upon the upper end of said tube provided in an aperture adapted to receive the free end of the curler. p

12. In a device of the class described,a shield having a plurality of relatively movable parts adapted to engage albeit of hair, a cylindrical member adapted to receive a curler with a lock of hair wound thereon,

and cooperating means on said cylindrical member and said shield tolock said shield in hair-engagingposition.

13. In a device'of the class described, a

shield having a plurality of parts relatively movable to a position in engagement with a shield I comprising a plurality of Wings or parts a lock of hair, a tubular member, and means on said tubular member and said slneld cooperable to retain the parts of said shield upon said shield engaging said tubular mem berand adapted to hold the latter in a position normal to the plane of said shield.

' 15. In a device of the class described, a tubular member, a shield comprising a plurality of relatively movable parts, shield and said tubular member having inter-engaging parts adapted to hold the relatively movable parts of the shield in engagement with a lock or strand of hair.

16. In a. device of the class described a tubular member, a shield comprising a p urality of relatively movable parts, said shield and said tubular member being provided with co-operating means adapted to hold said shield in fixed position relative to said tubular member. 17. A device oi the class described comprising, in combination, a tubular member and a shield adapted to restrict the opening in said member, said shield having up-' standing parts adapted to embrace said tubular member, and said tubular member having means co-operating with said up standing parts to hold said shield in restricting position. 18. A device of the class described comsaid prising, in combination, a tubular member adapted toreceive a curler with a lock of ha1r wound thereon, and a shield comprising a plurality of relatively movable parts,-

said shield having upstanding parts which embrace said member and said member having means co-operating with said upstand ing parts to hold the movable parts of said Thield in close engagement with a lock of 12111.

19. A device of the class described com- 7 GEORGE G. AMPANA.

Witnesses:

EMMA WEINBERG, IRVING A. HAMER. 

